New material developments have been among the greatest achievements in history and they have been central to the growth, prosperity, security, and quality of human life since the beginning of history. It has always the development of new materials that have opened the door to new technology, in all areas. Material science and engineering influence our lives each time we buy or use a new device, machine, or structure. The definition of the academic field of Material Science & Engineering stems from a realization concerning all application of materials: it is the properties of the material that give it its value. A material may be chosen for its strength, its electrical properties, resistance to heat or corrosion, or a host of other reasons; but they all relate to properties. Finally materials must perform their tasks in an economical and societal responsible manner by understanding the relationships between properties, structure, processing, and performance.