He outlined the three main characteristics of small islands: smaller size, isolation, and often being part of a maritime environment. “These small islands typically have to grapple with vulnerability in areas such as environmental balance, economic growth, and socio-cultural behavior due to their size and coastal geography,” he noted.

Several threats related to tourism development in small islands include limitations of resources, vulnerability to climate change, and inadequate pathways to external markets. Some islands even face challenges such as poor air connectivity, suboptimal natural resource management, and the impacts of climate change, such as increased storm intensity, sea-level rise, coastal erosion, and bleached corals.

However, he believes that the primary economic growth of small islands will continue to rely on tourism as a revenue source. Tourism significantly contributes to the income of many small islands in the form of gross domestic product (GDP), encompassing all economic activities on the island, including consumer spending, government spending, investment, and exports. Despite its opportunities, small island tourism still faces limitations due to remote locations and poor connectivity.

To enhance tourism in small islands, collaborative efforts and policy development are required to manage sustainability factors, including social connectivity, natural resource management, climate change, economic challenges, and the involvement of the local community. “Small island tourism can provide more job opportunities, protect natural resources, and contribute to further economic growth based on the coastal and maritime aspects of small islands,” he added.

Reporter: Hafsah Restu Nurul Annafi (Urban and Regional Planning, 2019)

Translator: Kezia Hosana S.

Editor: Vera Citra Utami